AURORA, NE, USA
N4543F
AIR TRACTOR AT-401
AT THE BEGINNING OF THE PILOT'S SWATH RUN HE NOTICED WHITE SMOKE COMING FROM THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE ENGINE. HE SAID HE DISCONTINUED THE RUN AND TURNED BACK TOWARD HIS HOME AIRPORT. JUST AS THE AIRPLANE LEVELED OUT FROM ITS TURN THE PILOT SAID THE ENGINE LOST MOST OF ITS POWER. THE PILOT SAID HE HEADED THE AIRPLANE FOR A PASTURE BUT WAS UNABLE TO GLIDE TO IT. THE AIRPLANE NOSED OVER SHORTLY AFTER ITS WHEELS CONTACTED THE CORN, COMING TO REST ON THE GROUND. EXAMINATION OF THE ENGINE REVEALED THE NUMBER 4 CYLINDER'S EXHAUST TOWER WAS CRACKED WHERE THE ROCKER ARM SHAFT WENT THROUGH THE CYLINDER HEAD. THE OWNER/MECHANIC OF THE AIRPLANE SAID THE CONDITION RESULTING FROM THE DAMAGED EXHAUST TOWER PREVENTS THE CYLINDER'S EXHAUST VALVE FROM OPENING. THE RESULT OF THE EXHAUST VALVE NOT OPENING CREATES A BLOW BACK CONDITION THAT AFFECTS THE OTHER CYLINDERS. THE END RESULT, ACCORDING TO THE OWNER, IS THAT THE ENGINE WILL LOSE MOST OF ITS POWER. THIS WAS CONFIRMED BY THE FAA PRINCIPAL MAINTENANCE INSPECTOR WHO CONDUCTED THE ENGINE EXAMINATION.
On August 4, 1995, at 0945 central daylight time (cdt), an Air Tractor AT-401, N4543F, registered to Aurora Aircraft, Incorporated, of Aurora, Nebraska, and piloted by an airline transport rated pilot, was substantially damaged during a forced landing following a pilot reported total loss of power. The pilot said the power loss occurred during the beginning of a crop spray run. The 14 CFR Part 137 aerial application flight was not operating on a flight plan. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The pilot reported no injuries. The flight departed Aurora, Nebraska, at 0920 cdt. The pilot said he had begun a swath run when he noticed white smoke coming from the right side of the engine. He said he stopped the swath run and turned back toward the airport. After turning toward the airport the pilot said the engine began to run "...very rough... ." Shortly after the roughness began he said the engine lost most of its power. Upon experiencing the power loss, the pilot said he headed toward a pasture. He said he was unable to glide to the pasture and had to land in a corn field. The airplane nosed over when the tires contacted the corn. A Federal Aviation Administration Principal Maintenance Inspector (PMI) represented the NTSB on-scene. The PMI said the engine examination revealed the number four cylinder's exhaust tower was cracked where the rocker arm shaft went through the head. The owner/mechanic of the airplane stated the cracked exhaust tower causes the cylinder's exhaust valve not to open. This in turn causes a "blow back" condition to exist for the other cylinders. The "blow back" causes' the engine to loose most of its power, according to the airplane owner. The PMI confirmed this information.
the cracked engine assembly that caused the power loss during a critical phase of flight. Factors associated with this accident were the restricted airplane performance due to the power loss, the airplane's altitude was too low, and remedial action, by, the pilot, that would lead to an uneventful forced landing was not possible.
Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database
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